Author Archives: lkeyes70

Monthly Introduction January 2007

Welecome to Tech for Non-Profits, the unplugged version of Microdesign Consulting. We feel that non-profit corporations and NGOs deserve the same advantages that technology can bring to for-profit business. To that end, we’ve dedicated ourselves to finding cost-effective ways to bring the benefits of wide-area networks, computer databases, IP videoconferencing and Voice over IP and free and open source software to our clients and friends. Check out our (mostly) annotated VoIP resource guide.

Ongoing projects this month will include our small office PBX using TrixBox and Asterisk. This seems to have gotten off dead center as the past three days it has worked flawlessly with VoicePulse, or internet call provider. I have joined the outreach committee of the Vermont Software Developer’s Association, and we’re working on grant applications early this month to get this group some paid staff. We’re using Backpack for project management on this, and I wrote about Backpack a couple days ago.

It seems to be a personality quirk of ours that our default position is one of optimism and interest when confronted with a new product or new version of an older product. This is especially true if it passes the Five Minute Test(tm), i.e. if I can actually create or do something after fooling with the product for five minutes. The critical juncture is what happens immediately after the five minutes… Does it hold our interest? Does it get incorporated into our daily work? Is it something to recommend to others?

A little about our shop: If you look at previous entries, you’ll see we’ve dated Linux, but are married to Microsoft. We have two Windows XP desktops, 1 Windows XP laptop and a Windows 2003 Small Business Server as our production machines. These have to work every day, and they do. We use these for programming, database development, web development and general office stuff like accounting. We depend on several entities located in cyberspace, including Intermedia.net for our web site and eMail, and as host for a couple production web-based applications, and Logmein for remote access to clients for whom we have ongoing network management or software development projects. Oh, and our ISP, Comcast, (only recently changed from Adelphia).

Comments and suggestions are welcome and are moderated, so they may not show up immediatly.

Is this is a review?

I’ve been reading Smith on VoIP blog for some weeks now and found it to be informative.

So then I have to ask a few questions when I saw the following entry about advertising rates for his blog.

Product Reviews

Many believe the best advertising does not look like advertising. The best advertising is interactive and informative. Product reviews (hardware, software, and service) are both interactive and informative. Not only do you get a robust product review, I will also work with you to better understand how you can get others within the VoIP blogsphere to review your product.

* Product + $500

So, this means that as a vendor, I could send my box to Mr. Smith, and a check for $500. He’ll review the box. (robustly). Presumably he’ll post the review on his blog Ok….fine so far. But:

1. Doesn’t this represent a conflict of interest? Whose interests are being served here? Certainly not the reader’s.

2. What if there is a superior product that competes with the one reviewed, and he knows that… would he include a dicussion of the superior product even though they hadn’t signed up for a review? In other words, it seems quite possible that the “reviewer” could end up touting a piece of junk, just because the vendor paid for the review.

I dunno….when I find something that actually works as advertised, I’m so happy that I’m willing to praise it for nothing. Happens maybe a dozen times a year. Maybe some people need to be paid to try something, because it is indeed rare to find an item which does work as it should.

Update: Garrett Smith has commented.

TrixBox 2.0 updates

And while we’re on the subject of VoIP… TrixBox now has a 2.0 version available. I downloaded and installed this on another machine, before realizing that, like Dorthy, all I had to do was click the heels of my ruby slippers together three times, and I could upgrade my current Trixbox to version 2.0. And indeed that is all it takes; running the upgrade script, letting it chug for an hour or so, and then going in on the FreePBX interface and running the module upgrade procedure for FreePBX.

2.0 includes new versions of almost everything, including a release candidate 1 of FreePBX 2.2.0. So, now I have TrixBox 2.0 with FreePBX 2.2.0 which manages Asterisk 1.2.13.

Over at the Digium they are touting the Asterisk appliance, which is intended as a Trixbox competitor. This comes with Asterisk 1.4.0, beta a notch more recent than the version provided with TrixBox. I flirted with this; installed it actually, but then ran into some problems. I was intrigued however, to see that there was some additonal support for H.323 video…does this means that Asterisk will someday compete as a videoconferencing multi-point control unit (MCU)?

While the new interfaces are fine, the great news from my perspective was that the update blew away my IAX2 trunk configurations for VoicePulse. It left, however the VoicePulse SIP trunks, and I’ve been using them for two days without difficulty, not a single reboot or missed call. Call quality seems to be consistantly good. If this continues, I may actually get confident enough to apply for a phone number for the VoicePulse trunks and use them for inbound calls as well as outbound.

I’ve been using VoicePulse for calls now for a little over a month. Calls within the U.S. have a rate of up to two cents per minute. Calls to Germany were charged 2.7 cents per minute. The one outlier was a charge of 75 cents per minute to directory assistance in the U.S. What a rip!

Fonality Whitepaper on VoIP

I’d like to post the entire contents, but I’d recommend everyone to go over to the Fonality web site and sign up to receive their whitepaper VoIP without Hype – What Busnesses Need to Know which contains a rather dispassionate discussion of the role of VoIP in the context of our “traditional” phone system. Of several migration approaches discussed, the most conservative, yet still effective is the “hybrid PBX”, using IP phones inside the business, and connecting calls over the internet between branch offices, but retaining the ability to still make calls over the regular telephone network.

Whatever approach you decide on for migrating to
VoIP, a hybrid IP-PBX is an excellent first step. Hybrids
operate in three modes – PSTN, VoIP, and what’s called
PSTN-fallback – a mode which ensures that you’ll
always have phone service, even during Internet
outages. With a hybrid IP-PBX, you can also connect
and use analog phones (including cordless sets), IP
phones, or a combination. So you can convert select
employees to IP telephony according to their needs
and the capacity of your Internet connections.

A hybrid IP-PBX enables you to start saving money right
away, even if you choose to use the PSTN connections
to the outside world. With a hybrid IP-PBX at your
business, you get free VoIP calls between offices and
with all your telecommuters, but you can selectively
choose to pay more for calls across the PSTN where
the quality matters most. Think of it this way, your
employees get free VoIP calling between themselves,
but your customers are guaranteed perfect POTS
quality when they call you, or you call them.

Fonality is the vendor which snapped up the very wonderful TrixBox. So, the whitepaper is more useful than many, as it points out the disadvantages of VoIP, and it doesn’t promise the moon.

Let us now praise LogMeIn

I’ve talked about LogMeIn before, it is a web-based remote access application that works through firewalls; and is generally very easy to set up. It replaces programs like PC-Anyware, Windows Terminal Server and similar programs. LogMeIn is available in various flavors. There is a free version which just does the remote access, a “Pro” version for a monthly or yearly fee which inlcudes a file transfer function. There is the IT-Reach version, which combines the functions of Pro with some monitoring and computer management functions; indeed it does such a nice job on the latter that I use it when managaing my own server, (five feet away). The client piece can sit on your workstation with a memory consumption of about 9K of RAM.

Now, they have a new product LogMeIn Himachi which allows you to set up VPNs (virtual private networks) quickly over the web. At first I was thinking…Ok, this means I can map a data drive to my office server over the web, or even print to a printer on my office server when I’m sitting at home. But wait…there’s more!

Since the connections are encrypted, and they go through (most) firewalls this has the potential of being a component that can be used in situations where you would normally have to adjust a firewall manually. In particular, I’m thinking of a Voice over IP connection which requires ports 5060 or 4569 to be opened on the firewall. This means you could potentially have an encrypted phone conversation, that would traverse a local firewall between the home office and laptops in the field.

Himachi allows you to create a local peer-to-peer network over the Internet. You could use this for sharing ITunes (assuming your machines are all part of the registered ITunes 5-count for your installation), or use it for peer-to-peer gaming.
Unlike regular LogMeIn….

Himachi also works with Linux. There is a how-to for setting up the Linux version, and then running VNC to see the desktop.

BaseCamp: Web-Based Workflow

I was working with a trade association that has been struggling for a couple of years to transform itself from a volunteer association to having paid staff. I attended a meeting on Wednesday, and we were told that there was three-week deadline to complete a business plan and pro forma budget to submit to our state economic development authority. After lengthy discussion we agreed amoung the ten people in the meeting that we needed to produce essentially two documents which would be combined for the proposal. We assigned champions for both documents, and then one of our members said:

Well, we’re really all software developers in this room; we should be eating our own dog food here and using some kind of web-based project manager or workflow manager, instead of attempting to send copies of eMails around with huge attachments.

Fair enough. I waited for the other shoe to drop. The suspense was tangible:
Would the Microsoft SharePoint guy offer to host a site? Would the open source guru offer to put up a LAMP site with one of the open source workflow applications? Should I offer my usual FTP site+web bulletin board/Google Groups thing that I’ve used for clients for yonks?

Tense moments passed. We mulled features, development effort and cost. Finally a third guy said, “I’ll put up a BaseCamp project. It should take about thirty minutes.” And indeed, a couple hours laster we had our ten-user web site with:

  • Dashboard (home page)
  • Task List
  • File upload and download (with version control)
  • Writeboard (online word-processor with version control)
  • Messageboard
  • Calendar
  • User login with security settings
  • User and site administratration

You can have all changes pushed to eMail…but that means that you end up reading everything twice. You can have all changes appear in the RSS feed. That is a great way to be alerted of changes without having to fish through them in eMail. The free Basecamp service offers everything except the File upload and download function…I sprang for the $12.00/month to allow this feature and that also allows the hosting of 15 projects per site. If this works out for our current project, we’ll probably find other uses pretty quickly.

This is what Web 2.0 is all about. Lightweight, Hosted, Quick, Easy. No IT Guru Required.

Network Troubleshooting Tools


Wireshark is the new name for Ethereal. It is a GUI packet sniffing program which watches your network traffic and reports on what’s going on at the network level. Ethereal has been around for years, but it is an ongoing project that just seems to be getting better all the time. Among other things, it will discriminate and display packets that are typical VoIP packets, that is SIP (Session Initiation Protocol), and IAX2 (InterAsterisk Exchange).

Set up a Wireshark capture and you are bound to find a ton of stuff that may be irrelevant. You’ll see requests for web pages, OutLook going out and checking for new mail, DNS requests (where is mxdesign.net?) and ARP broadcasts (who is 192.168.0.9?). So, one of the first things to consider is filtering the captured packets as they are being examined. This is done by using a capture “language” to create filters that are compatible with a predecessor program called tcpdump. Mike Horn has written a tutorial on these, which includes a basic set of capture filters.

I was puzzled why I couldn’t see traffic from my Asterisk/Trixbox computer on my desktop workstation. It turns out they were connected with a network switch which isolates traffic from individual devices. This makes network sniffing more difficult than in the old days when most LAN segments were connected via hubs. I ended up rummaging in the garage and found an older NetGear 16 port hub which I used to connect both stations, and Voila now I could see everything, the SIP phone calling the Trixbox, and the Trixbox calling out on the internet to Voicepulse. The Voicepulse tech support people want to see a capture file of just IAX2 packets, which should show (or not show) why my Trixbox occasionally loses the registration to the Voicepulse server. We’ll see.

Windows Troubleshooting Tools

Readers may be familiar with Mark Russinovich of SysInternals. They make cool tools for troubleshooting Windows networking problems. Their company was recently bought by Microsoft, and the SysInternals Toolkit has been made available in a complete rolled-up zip file. This includes all the current tools, and the relevant help files. Several are these are Windows versions of Unix tools.

Screencast shows building Excel Charts


Over at Juice Analytics they have posted a screencast showing how to make “square piecharts” like this one. (Click on the graphic to view full size.) The JA blog is full of ideas and hints on how to use Excel.

Other sources for ideas about presentation graphics, useability, and inteface design:

Edward Tufte’s web site and Q and A Forum

Jakob Nielson’s Web Site – UseIt.Com

No discussion about these topics would be complete without mentioning Kathy Sierra’s site, Creating Passionate Users. A favorite post is A Crash Course on Learning Theory.